Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred D. Taylor is a very powerful Es

Roll of Thunder, detect My Cry by Mildred D. Taylor is a really powerful story about the Logan family living in Mississippi in the 1930s.Roll of Thunder, stress My Cry by Mildred D. Taylor is a very powerfulnovel about the Logan family living in Mississippi in the 1930s. Thestory is told through the substances of nine-year-old sweet wattle Logan, who hasto learn throughout the entire book, how harsh the world actually is forblacks. cassie has to learn that it is a sporting mans world out there,and that black people dont hurt much of a say in what goes on in it.There be many events in this book which lead me to say how prejudicedour expanse was at that time.One thing that stays on my headspring is the conflict between Cassie andLillian Jean, a white girl about the same get along with as Cassie. DuringCassies first visit to the t witness of Strawberry, she accidentally bumpsinto Lillian Jean. It is then that Lillian Jean starts calling Cassienames (comparing Cassies nast y little self with decent whitefolk), and makes her apologize. Big Ma and Charlie Simms, LillianJeans father, force Cassie to do so, and Cassie is also told to callher, Miz Lillian Jean. Cassie does not understand why this must beso, and the idea of calling someone Miz, who is the same age asherself, hits Cassie hard. She takes her revenge by beating LillianJean up, and also blackmailing her. It is the first time that Cassierealizes that white and black children are treated differently. It signals how black children are forced to feel inferior to whitechildren.Another cause of racism is where the whites hate the Logan family forowning their own land. Throughout the book, there are many effortsfrom the white people- mainly, Mr. Granger- to get... ...is relieve for the moment, thoughbecause of the fact that he is black, it is unlikely that T.J. will besaved. This situation just goes to show that the idea that all men arecreated equal in the U.S., does not apply to the blacks in Roll ofThunder.I can see from Mildred D. Taylors Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, thatracism affected the black people in the mystic South, years afterslavery was abolished. Everywhere you turn, you can see that thisissue was a daily part of their lives. The law turned a blind eye tocrimes committed against blacks. The education system for blacks wassecond-rate. Black children were separated from whites from thebeginning, thus making the blacks hate whites, as they grew older.Whites did not want blacks to feel in any means equal to them. And fromthe book, Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, I can better understand thisissue. Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred D. Taylor is a very powerful EsRoll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred D. Taylor is a very powerful novel about the Logan family living in Mississippi in the 1930s.Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred D. Taylor is a very powerfulnovel about the Logan family living in Mississippi in the 1930s. Thestory is told throu gh the eyes of nine-year-old Cassie Logan, who hasto learn throughout the entire book, how harsh the world truly is forblacks. Cassie has to learn that it is a white mans world out there,and that black people dont have much of a say in what goes on in it.There are many events in this book which lead me to say how prejudicedour country was at that time.One thing that stays on my mind is the conflict between Cassie andLillian Jean, a white girl about the same age as Cassie. DuringCassies first visit to the town of Strawberry, she accidentally bumpsinto Lillian Jean. It is then that Lillian Jean starts calling Cassienames (comparing Cassies nasty little self with decent whitefolk), and makes her apologize. Big Ma and Charlie Simms, LillianJeans father, force Cassie to do so, and Cassie is also told to callher, Miz Lillian Jean. Cassie does not understand why this must beso, and the idea of calling someone Miz, who is the same age asherself, hits Cassie hard. She takes her revenge by be ating LillianJean up, and also blackmailing her. It is the first time that Cassierealizes that white and black children are treated differently. Itshows how black children are forced to feel inferior to whitechildren.Another cause of racism is where the whites hate the Logan family forowning their own land. Throughout the book, there are many effortsfrom the white people- mainly, Mr. Granger- to get... ...is saved for the moment, thoughbecause of the fact that he is black, it is unlikely that T.J. will besaved. This situation just goes to show that the idea that all men arecreated equal in the U.S., does not apply to the blacks in Roll ofThunder.I can see from Mildred D. Taylors Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, thatracism affected the black people in the Deep South, years afterslavery was abolished. Everywhere you turn, you can see that thisissue was a daily part of their lives. The law turned a blind eye tocrimes committed against blacks. The education system for blacks wassecond-rat e. Black children were separated from whites from thebeginning, thus making the blacks hate whites, as they grew older.Whites did not want blacks to feel in any way equal to them. And fromthe book, Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, I can better understand thisissue.

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: AIDS :: AIDS disease

AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) is a blood born disease that was first recognized in America in the previous(predicate) 1980s, around the time Rock Hudson passed away. It is believed that it was first passed thru to humans by monkeys in Africa. The battle between humans and disease was nowhere more than bitterly fought than here in the fetid equatorial climate, where heat and humidity fuel the generation of new life forms. One historian has suggested that humans, who first evolved in Africa eons ago migrated north to Asia and Europe simple to get to climates that were less hospit up to(p) to the deadly microbes the tropics so efficiently spread. (Shilts, 5)HIV may already pollute one to two million Americans and spreads to forty thousand more people each year. (Klitzman, 7) This disease wreaks havoc in places like Africa, Europe, South America, Asia, and the United States, as well as countless other places around the world. With Modern roads and jet travel, no corner of the earth was very remote anymore never again could diseases linger undetected for centuries among a distant people without finding some route to fan out across the planet. (Shilts, 5)AIDS is mainly a sexually transmitted disease, statistically attributed to the homosexual community, that is transferred by people who are unaware they are infected. It can also be transferred between people by tainted blood transfusions as well as the sharing of infected needles among users. AIDS is a devastating and debilitating disease that may not come on up for a period of ten years or longer after the original contact. By this time it might be too posthumous to do anything about it , although, there are various cocktails of drugs that could control the disease and extend life for a considerable length of time.Western society has been able to arrest the spread of AIDS with sexual education and early testing but where the disease first started, in Africa, almost one third of the state is now a fflicted with the disease. In order to combat this problem in Africa, the governments of the western world have shown a concentrated effort by send billions of dollars in aid to educate and treat people who are infected with this disease.AIDS has reached many people from all different cultures, ethnic backgrounds, and areas around the world. This is a scary fact considering many of those people could be unaware they are infected with HIV.

Anabolic Steroid Use by Athletes Essays -- Steroid Use Among Athletes

In the 1988 Summer Olympics, an unbelievable feat occurred. The feat happened during one of the premiere events, the 100 meter dash. The event was set up to be a great race between Carl Lewis of the United States and Ben Johnson of Canada. This did not happen. Ben Johnson blew away the field running a 9.79, a world record. Carl Lewis finished a impertinent second with a 9.88 (Ben Johnson). That is not the end of the story. Later on, the runners had to take a urinalysis. All of the runners passed but one, Ben Johnson. He tested positive for anabolic steroid procedure. It was later on discovered that hed been using steroids for several eld. He was striped of his gold medal and his world record. Carl Lewis was given the gold and the world record (Ben Johnson). In the many years since this incident, no one has come close to Ben Johnsons time. The next fastest that has ever been ran was a 9.84 by fellow Canadian Donovan Bailey in the 1996 Summer Olympics. Steroids definitely enable d Ben Johnson to spend a penny a new level that others havent. Steroids are used as much in sports now as they have ever been in the past, even with stricter examen and knowledge of the harmful side effects. Olympians are especially prone to use these drugs because of the great pressure put on these athletes, but it is becoming wide feast through all sports. For the most part, the athletes get away with steroid use because of new technologies and using patterns which make the steroids undetectable to the tests. There are three chief(prenominal) classifications of drugs in athletics. The first class is performance continuance drugs, which is the only accepted class in athletics. This class contains such drugs as aspirin, ibuprofen, and asthma inhalers. The se... ...com/enw/eae3a/babine3.htm. establish 12, 1998. liberal Sport. on-line. Available http//www.bigsport.com/main.shtml. March 23, 1998 Elliot, Diane. Intervention and Prevention of Steroid use in Adolescents. The Ameri can Journal of Sports Medicine 24 Nov-Dec 1996 46. NIDA Research Report Series. On-line. Available http//www.nida.nih.gov/ResearchReports/Steroids/Anabolic.html. March 16, 1998. Nnakwe, Nweze. Anabolic Steroids and Cardiovascular Risk in Athletes. Nutrition Today Sep-Oct 1996 206. Prather, Irvine D. Clenbuterol substitute for anbolic steroids? Medicine and Science in Sports 27 Aug. 1995 1118. The Steroid Bible. On-line. Available http//www.anabolicsteroids.com. March 26, 1998. The use of Anabolic/Androgenic Steroids by Athletes. On-line. Available http//www.medstudents.br/sport/sport2.html. March 26 1998.

An analysis of the relationship between the hospitality culture and employees in China :: Business, Organization

According to Adelman et al. (1994) Bitner(1990) King (1985) King and Garey (1997),former research on service management have non considered the watch of stopping point on digest the service from staff. Tsang (2011) state that hospitality culture were focused on researches in recent years in China. Hospitality culture is not only really important for the hospitality industry, but also very significant for employees. In addition, hospitality culture is involved four factors materials culture, behaviors culture, spiritual culture and rules culture. The key floor of hospitality culture is spiritual culture, because this can determine the value of other cultures in the hospitality organization.Why hospitality culture so significant? on that point is some evidences to prove that hospitality culture is significant to the hotel organization. The First aspect, hospitality culture can improve the hotel services level and increase the turnover level. Mattila (1999) and Stauss and Mang (19 99) argued that the guest estimate the service would depend on hospitality culture.The hotel has strict discipline to manage the staff, and staff must comply with the institutions during their working time. According to Martin and Lundberg(1991), Bennigans is a the States restaurant chain, it created research to find out why consumers did not come to their restaurants. The consequence is that only 15 per cent of consumers did not satisfied with the food, but 67 per cent of the consumers are dissatisfied with the staffs attitude. For instance, customers receive satisfying services, so they will remember these services and want to receive those services again next time. Although this is not enough to evaluate the results of a hotel service, it can make a good impression in customers minds.Secondly, it is not easy to fail the hotel have good culture in the strong competition of the hospitality industry. Nowadays, more and more businesses are focusing on hotels, so the hotel industry is face with fierce competition. When hotels have the resembling level of facilities,and hotel culture is the key point to estimate the hotel services. In addition, hotel culture can improve the position in the same industry. Hospitality culture and employees influence on each other.On the one hand, hospitality culture has some advantages and disadvantages to affect employees. At first, it can promote the skills of employees, because the hospitality lay out to check off the employees skills. Shames and Glover (1988) claimed that human interaction and communication are involved in service experience as same as a social experience.

cold war Essay -- essays research papers

The stone-cold War The Cold War was a response to the perceived curse by the coupled States that Communism would interfere with national aegis and sparing stakes in the world. It was a perceived threat by communist countries that the unify States would take to the world. During the Cold War, the United States, Russia, and other countries made efforts to avoid other world war, while warring in proxy in other lands. The end caused by the hydrogen bombs exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the next technological advancements became only deterrents to the public. Governments had their own agenda which would result in worsening the strain between nations. The United States hid behind a curtain of nationalism resulting in increased hatred and mistrust between the people of the United States and Russia. Noam Chomsky reminds us that Communism is a broad(a) term that includes those with the ability to get control of mass movements. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles once stated that, The poor people atomic number 18 the ones they appeal to and they have always wanted to plunder the rich. So, in one view, the U.S. felt they must be overcome, to protect our doctrine that the rich should ravage the poor. This became another motivation for the Cold War. In his historical account of the events leading to the Cold War, Jacob Heilbrunn reports that after World War II, realists agreed that Soviet aggrandizement was responsible for the cold war. (Heilbrunn) They felt the reason, rather than Communism, Heilbrunn notes, was that Stalin was pursuing Russian national interests that dated back to the czars. Others, however, accused the president and Congress of following a consistent policy of economic imperialism, tracing it back to the Open Door Diplomacy of the nineteenth century, which outlined an insatiable American appetite for new economic markets. (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Gabriel Kolko also felt that Roosevelts anti-Russia stead was formed to create d ominance by the United States in world economic markets. (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Lefflers A Preponderance of Power, has become the sacred text of the neo-revisionists. (Heilbrunn) Leffler claims that U.S. security policy was established between 1940 and 1946 based on geopolitics, not economics. Truman was far from fearing a Soviet military attack and was defending American economic stability... ...not easy accomplishments plainly were satisfied by the constant insistence of the threat of the great enemy. This phase has ended, but conflicts continue. The Soviet Union may have called off the war, but the U.S. is continuing as before, even more freely with Soviet obstruction a thing of the past. George Bush celebrated the symbolic end of the Cold War, the declension of the Berlin Wall, by immediately invading Panama and announcing that the U.S. would overturn Nicaraguas election by maintaining its economic stranglehold and military attack unless our side won. With the threa t of the Soviet Union no longer existing the U.S. is now free to use unlimited force against almost anyone it may choose. The end of the Cold War has caused its problems in addition as new enemies have needed to be invented. This problem has been solved quite easily if you were to look at the United States current international footing. A new and possibly better convince enemy has been found in the likes of Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden. The U.S. government has continued a policy of convincing the American public of the great evil existing elsewhere to achieve their economic, technological and defensive objectives.

cold war Essay -- essays research papers

The cold War The frore War was a solution to the perceived threat by the United States that socialism would interfere with national security and economic stakes in the world. It was a perceived threat by communist countries that the United States would take to the world. During the Cold War, the United States, Russia, and other countries made efforts to avoid another world war, while warring in proxy in other lands. The devastation caused by the hydrogen bombs exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the next technological advancements became only deterrents to the public. Governments had their own ag force outa which would result in worsening the give between nations. The United States hid behind a curtain of nationalism resulting in increased hatred and mistrust between the people of the United States and Russia. Noam Chomsky reminds us that Communism is a broad term that includes those with the ability to get control of mass movements. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles once stated that, The hapless people are the ones they appeal to and they engage always wanted to plunder the loaded. So, in one view, the U.S. tangle they must be overcome, to protect our doctrine that the rich should ravage the poor. This became another motivation for the Cold War. In his historical account of the events leading to the Cold War, Jacob Heilbrunn reports that after World War II, realists agreed that Soviet altitude was responsible for the cold war. (Heilbrunn) They felt the reason, rather than Communism, Heilbrunn notes, was that Stalin was pursuing Russian national interests that dated back to the czars. Others, however, accused the pre slopent and Congress of following a reconciled policy of economic imperialism, tracing it back to the Open Door Diplomacy of the nineteenth century, which outlined an insatiable American appetite for new economic markets. (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Gabriel Kolko also felt that Roosevelts anti-Russia stance was formed to creat e dominance by the United States in world economic markets. (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Lefflers A Preponderance of Power, has become the taboo text of the neo-revisionists. (Heilbrunn) Leffler claims that U.S. security policy was established between 1940 and 1946 based on geopolitics, not economics. Truman was far from fearing a Soviet military attack and was defending American economic stability... ...not easy accomplishments but were satisfied by the constant insistence of the threat of the great enemy. This phase has ended, but conflicts continue. The Soviet Union may have called off the war, but the U.S. is continuing as before, even more freely with Soviet obstruction a thing of the past. George Bush celebrated the symbolic end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall, by immediately invading Panama and announcing that the U.S. would overturn Nicaraguas election by maintaining its economic stranglehold and military attack unless our side won. With the threat of the S oviet Union no longer existing the U.S. is now free to use unlimited force against almost anyone it may choose. The end of the Cold War has caused its problems too as new enemies have needed to be invented. This problem has been solved quite easily if you were to look at the United States live international footing. A new and possibly better convincing enemy has been found in the likes of Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden. The U.S. government has continued a policy of convincing the American public of the great evil existing elsewhere to achieve their economic, technological and defensive objectives.

Automated Monitoring Attendance System Essay

1.1 The problem and its scopeIn this paper we propose a formation that automates the whole process of taking at decenniumding and maintaining its records in an academic institute. Managing people is a difficult task for most of the organizations, and maintaining the attending record is an important factor in people management. When considering academic institutes, taking the attendance of learners on daily basis and maintain the records is a major task. Manually taking the attendance and maintaining it for a long quantify adds to the difficulty of this task as well as waste a lot of time.For this reason an efficient system is designed. This system takes attendance electronically with the help of a fingermark demodulator and all the records ar saved on a computer server. Fingerprint sensors and LCD screens are placed at the entrance of separately room. In tramp to mark the attendance, assimilator has to place his/her thumb on the fingerprint sensor. On identification stude nts attendance record is updated in the database and he/she is notified through and through LCD screen. No posit of all the stationary material and special personal for keeping the records. Furthermore an automated system replaces the manual of arms system.1.2 IntroductionNowadays, effort is experiencing many technological advancement and changes in methods of learning. With the rise of globalization, it is becoming essential to find an easier and more effective system to help an organization or company. In spite of this matter, there are still business establishments and schools that use the old-fashioned way. In a certain way, one thing that is still in manual process is the recording of attendance. After having these issues in mind we develop an Automated Monitoring Attendance brass, which automates the whole process of taking attendance and maintaining it, plus it holds an precise records.Biometric systems strike been widely used for the purpose of recognition. These recogni tion methods refer to automatic recognition of people establish on the some specific physiological or behavioral features 1. There are many biometry that can be utilized for some specific systems but the key structure of a biometric system is always same 2. Biometric systems are basically used for one of the two objectives identification 3 or verification 4. Identification means to find a first mate between the query biometric sample and the one that is already been stored in database 5. For example to pass through a restricted area you may have to run out your finger through a biometric guile. A new template get out be generated that ordain be thus compared with the previously stored templates in database. If match found, then the person will be allowed to pass through that area.On the other hand verification means the process of checking whether a query biometric sample belongs to the claimed identity operator or not 6. Some of the most commonly used biometric systems are (i) Iris recognition, (ii) Facial recognition,(iii)Fingerprint identification, (iv) Voice identification, (v) DNA identification, (vi) Hand geometry recognition and (viii)Signature Verification 5.Previously the biometrics techniques were used in many areas such as building security, ATM, credit cards, criminal investigations and passport control 4. The proposed system uses fingerprint recognition technique 1 for obtaining students attendance. Human beings have been use fingerprints for recognition purposes for a very long time 7, because of the simplicity and accuracy of fingerprints.Finger print identification is based on two factors (i) Persistence the basic characteristics and features do not change with the time. (ii) Individuality fingerprint of every person in this world is unique 8. mod fingerprint matching techniques were initiated in the late 16th century 9 and have added most in 20th century. Fingerprints are considered one of the most mature biometric technologies and h ave been widely used in forensic laboratories and identification units 10. Our proposed system uses fingerprint verification technique to automate the attendance system. It has been proved over the years that fingerprints of each every person are unique 8. So it helps to uniquely identify the students.1.3 Theoretical backdropFor over 100 years, fingerprint has been used to identify people. As one of the biometric identification, fingerprint is the quite the most popular one. Besides getting the print for fingerprint is easy, it doesnt need a special sophisticated computer hardware and software to do the identification. In the old times and even until now, fingerprints are usually taken using merely inks and papers (could be one print, ten prints, or latent print). Finger print is unique. There is no case where two fingerprints are found to be exactly identical.During the fingerprint matching process, the ridges of the two fingerprints will be compared. Besides using ridges, some of the identification techniques also use minutiae. In brief, minutiae can be described as point of elicit in fingerprints. Many types of minutiae have been defined, such as pore, delta, island, ridge ending, bifurcation, spurs, bridges, crossover, etc, but commonly only two minutiae are used for their stability and robustness (4), which are ridge ending and bifurcation.To help in fingerprint identification, fingerprint classification method is apparatused. There are some classification theories applicable in the received world such as The NCIC System (National Crime Information meaning) Still used even until now, the NCIC system classifies fingers according to the combination of conventions, ridge counts, whorl tracing. NCIC determines.Fingerprint miscellanea (FPC) field codes to represent the fingerprint characteristics. The adjacent are the field codes skirtsUsing NCIC system FPC Field Codes eliminates the need of the fingerprint image and, thus, is very helpful for the nee d of fingerprint identification for those who do not have access to an AFIS. Instead of relying to the image, NCIC relies more on the finger image information. The atomic number 1 and American sort Systems hydrogen and American classification systems, although has a lot in common, are actually two different systems developed by two different people. The Henry Classification System (5) was developed by Sir Edward Henry in 1800s used to record criminals fingerprints during Civil War. Henry System used all ten fingerprints with the right thumb denoted number 1, right little left finger denoted number 5, left thumb denoted number 6, and lastly the left little finger denoted number 10. concord to Henry System, there were two classifications the primary and the secondary. In the primary classification, it was a whorl that gives the finger a value. While even numbered fingers were treated as the nominator, peerless numbered fingers were treated as denominator. Each fingers value was eq ual to the value of the whorl plus one. In the secondary classification, each hands index finger would be assigned a special capital letter taken from the pattern types (radial loop (R), tented loop (T), ulnar loop (U), and severe (A)). For other fingers except those two index fingers, they were all assigned with small letter which was also known as small letter group. Furthermore, a shade secondary classification existed it was the grouping of loops and whorls, which coded the ridge of the loops and ridge tracings of whorls in the index, middle, and ring fingers. The following is the table of Henry System.The American Classification System was developed by Captain James Parke. The difference lies in assigning the primary values, the paper used to file the fingerprint, and the primary values calculation.Filing SystemsIn this system, all of the fingerprints are stored in cabinets. Each cabinet contains one different classification and, thus, the fingerprint cards are stored accordi ngly. The existence of AFIS system greatly helps the classification process. There is no need to even store the physical fingerprint cards. AFIS does not need to count the primary values of all those fingers and does not have to be as complicated as NCIC System. With the power of image recognition and classification algorithm, fingerprint identification can be done automatically by comparing the come digital image to the target database containing all saved digital images. Another important issue to know is the fingerprint classification patterns. These patterns are growing with each generation of AFIS and differ from one too to another, searching time and reduced computational complexity.The first known study of fingerprint classification was proposed by in 1823 by Purkinje, which resulted in fingerprint classification down into 9 categories transverse curve, central longitudinal strain, oblique stripe, oblique loop, almond whorl, spiral whorl, ellipse, circle, and double whorl. afterwards on, more in depth study was conducted by Francis Galton in 1892, resulted in fingerprint classification down into 3 major classes arch, loop, and whorl. Ten years later, Edward Henry refined Galtons experiment, which was later used by many law enforcement agencies worldwide. Many variations of Henry Galtons classification schemes exists, however there are 5 most common patterns arch, tented arch, left loop, right loop, and whorl. The following are types of fingerprint classification patternsSince IDAFIS is another extended form of AFIS, we do not need to utensil all other classification systems. What we need to do is to see what kind of classification pattern the algorithm can distinguish.Fingerprint MatchingIn general, fingerprint matching can be categorized down into three categories Correlation-based matching the matching process begins by superimposing (lying over) two fingerprints, and conniving the correlation between both(prenominal) by taking displacement (e.g . translation, rotation) into account. Minutiae based matching Minutiae are first extracted from each fingerprint, aligned, and then calculated for their match. rooftree feature based matching Ridge patterns are extracted from each fingerprint and compared one with another. The difference with minutiae based is thatinstead of extracting minutiae (which is very difficult to do to low quality fingerprint image) ridge pattern such as local orientation and frequency, ridge shape, and texture information is used.Chapter TwoMost of the attendance systems use paper based methods for taking and calculating attendance and this manual method requires paper sheets and a lot of stationery material. Previously a very few work has been done relating to the academic attendance monitoring problem. Some softwares have been designed previously to keep track of attendance 11.But they require manual entry of data by the staff workers. So the problem remains unsolved. Furthermore idea of attendan ce tracking systems using facial recognition techniques have also been proposed but it requires expensive apparatus still not getting the required accuracy 12. Automated Monitoring Attendance System is divided into three parts Hardware/ computer software Design, Rules for marking attendance and Online Attendance Report. Each of these is explained below. 2 System Description2 .1 HardwareRequired hardware used should be easy to maintain, implement and easily available. Proposed hardware consists following parts(1) Fingerprint Scanner(2) LCD Screen(3) ComputerFingerprint scanner will be used to comment fingerprint of teachers/students into the computer software. LCD display will be displaying rolls of those whose attendance is marked. Computer Software will be interfacing fingerprint scanner and LCD and will be connected to the network. It will input fingerprint, will process it and extract features for matching. After matching, it will update the database attendance records of the st udents. A fingerprint sensor device along with an LCD screen is placed at the entrance of each classroom. The fingerprint sensor is used to capture the fingerprints of students while LCD screen notifies the student that his/her attendance has been marked.2 .2 Rules for marking attendanceThis part explains how students and teacher will use this attendance management system. Following points will make sure that attendance is marked correctly, without any problem (1) All the hardware will be outside of the classroom.(2) When teacher enters the classroom, the attendance marking will start. Computer software will start the process after inputting fingerprint of the teacher. It will find the Subject ID and current semester using the ID of the teacher or could be set manually on the software. If the teacher doesnt enter the classroom, attendance marking will not start. (3) After some time, say 15 minutes of this process. The student who login after this time span will be marked as late on the attendance. This time period can be increased or decreased per requirements.2 .3 Online Attendance ReportDatabase for attendance would be a table having following fields as a combination for primary field (1) Day, (2) Roll, (3) Subject and following non-primary fields (1) Attendance, (2) Semester. Using this table, all the attendance can be managed for a student. For online report, a simple website will be made for it. Which will access this table for showing attendance of students .The sq queries will be used for report generation? Following query will give total numbers of classes held in a certain subject. Now the attendance percent can easily be calculated2.4 Using wireless network instead of LANWe are using LAN for communication among servers and hard wares in the classroom. We can instead use wireless LAN with portable devices. Portable device will have an imbed fingerprint scanner, wireless connection, amicroprocessor loaded with software, memory and a display terminal.S ource/References1 D. Maltoni, D. Maio, A. K. Jain, S. Prabhaker, Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition, Springer, New York, 2003.2 A.C. Weaver, Biometric authentication, Computer, 39(2), pp 96 97 (2006). 3 J. Ortega Garcia, J. Bigun, D. Reynolds and J.Gonzalez Rodriguez, Authentication gets personal with biometrics, Signal Processing Magazine, IEEE, 21(2), pp 50 62 (2004).4 Anil K. Jain, Arun Ross and Salil Prabhakar, An introduction to biometric recognition , Circuits and Systems for Video technology, IEEE Transactions on Volume 14, curve 1, Jan. 2004 Page(s)4 20. 5 Fakhreddine Karray, Jamil Abou Saleh, Mo Nours Arab and Milad Alemzadeh, Multi Modal Biometric Systems A State of the Art Survey , Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. 6 Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Mauricio Orozco, Yednek Asfaw, Shervin Shirmohammadi and Andy Adler A Novel Biometric System for Identification and Verification of Haptic Users , Multimedia Commu nications Research Laboratory (MCRLab) School of Information Technology and Engineering University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada .7 H. C. Lee and R. E. Gaensslen, Advances in Fingerprint Technology , Elsevier, New York . 8 Sharath Pankanti, Salil Prabhakar, Anil K. Jain, On the Individuality of Fingerprints , IEEE transaction on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, vol.24, no.8, August 2002. 9 Federal Bureau of Investigation, The Science of Fingerprints Classification and Uses , U. S. government activity Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1984. 10 H. C. Lee and R. E. Gaensslen (eds.), Advances in Fingerprint Technology , Second Edition, CRC Press, New York, 2001. 11 K.G.M.S.K. Jayawardana, T.N. Kadurugamuwa, R .G. Rage and S. Radhakrishnan , Timesheet An Attendance Tracking System , Proceedings of the Peradeniya University Research Sessions, Sri Lanka, Vol.13, situation II, 18th December 2008 .12 Yohei KAWAGUCHI, Tetsuo SHOJI , Weijane LIN ,Koh KAKUSHO , Michihiko MINO H , Face Recognition based Lecture Attendance System , Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, Graduate School of Informatics, KyotoUniversity. Academic Center for Computing and Media Studies, Kyoto University. 13 Digital Persona, Inc. t720 Bay road Redwood City, CA 94063 USA 5, http//www.digitalpersona.comTable of ContentsChapter One1.1 The problem and its scope1.2 Introduction1.3 Theoretical BackgroundChapter Two2.1 Hardware and Software2.2 Rule for marking attendance2.3 Online Attendance Report2.4 Using Wireless network instead of LANChapter Three.Chapter quad4.1 Summary4.2 Conclusion and Recommendation4.3 BibliographySource/References

The Role and Proceedings in a magistrate’s court

The royal courtyard system in the United Kingdom has continuously been changing everywhere the years. In the recent past the pace of change in court reforms has been fast, this has in turn led to some important changes within the side of meat court system. For example, before the year 1979, the Lord Chancellors department (LCD) was responsible for running all the courts except the magistrates courts.It is during this year(1979) when the administration of magistrate courts was transferred to a state agency referred to as the court service which was earlier responsible for administering the functions of the supreme court of England and Wales, this also consisted of the court of appeal, the high court ,the cr cause court, county courts and several tribunals. Magistrates salutes were under the jurisdiction of local committees that were constituted under the authority of the home office until the beginning of the year 1991. Since this year, the Lord Chancellors Department took over the running of magistrates courts.The enactment of the courts act of 2003 led to the humanity of her majestys courts service (HMCS) as the exe make loveive agency responsible for administering the English court system. The crown court on the other part is unrivaled of the courts that constitute the senior courts of Wales and England. The administration of the crown court is overseen by the HMCS and the court mainly handles appeals for decisions referred from the magistrate courts, convicting psyches who have sentenced in the pass courts, carrying aside dialog box trials and finally, sentencing those who have been convicted in magistrate courts (Gray, 2004, p.16). This paper explores what happens in magistrate and crown courts and offers a comparative analysis of the ii courts and seeks to create understanding of the division played by them in the administration of rightness. The subprogram and Proceedings in a magistrates court The commencement visit by any one into a mag istrates court will be characterized by so many questions. As Gibson and Watkins, 2009, p. 10, tick off, a first visitor will want to know why things are done in the elan they are done. Many of the felonious legal proceeding begin in the magistrates courts.These proceedings range from offences relating to parking, sexual offenses, crimes act by youthful people or juveniles and cut across to cuticles involving murder. Besides these hearings, Welsh, Greenwood and Banks, 2007, p. 97, add that magistrate courts also carry put proceedings relating to family issues like neglect of young children and disputes between the husband and the wife. Most of the illustrations that are brought in a magistrates court are concluded by means of acquittals, conviction and sentencing by the magistrates.Magistrates do not work for a regular pay but in the course of their duties, they are given reasonable allowances to meet their travel, subsistence and loss of earning. According to Hunter and Rob erts, 1997, p. 35, any one aged above eighteen years and has been charged with committing an offence is required to attend a hearing in the court. As mentioned earlier, a large percentage of the criminal cases in England and Wales are handled by the magistrate courts.The cases hear in a magistrates court are divided into summary offences (lesser offences), Either-way offences (cases that back end also be comprehend in a crown court before a judge) and Indictable-only offences ( weighty offences such as murder, manslaughter, and rape). The hearing for the case takes place in the court, members of the public have a gallery from which they sit and follow the proceedings. In cases where the accused persons are young offenders or juveniles, special arrangements are do before the trial begins (Gibson, & Watkins, 2009, p.83). During my visit to the magistrates court, I noted that the nature of offences that were being heard were common offences which complicated affray (in which the suspect was a young man), a case involving assault occasioning actual natural harm (ABH), this case involved ii young college mates of which the suspect was a female student. The last case involved theft, a young man was accused of having shop lifted a pair of sports boots from a shopping mall.The offences are defined in the following provisions section 47, of the offences against the person act of 1861, Section 1 of the theft human action 1968, and Section 3 of public order act 1986. (Adopted from, Criminal Litigation & Procedure by Tyrer& Lawton, 2000, p. 119). Of the three cases, none of the suspects had a abnegation lawyer. In the case involving assault, the defendant appeared composed and decently dressed. When the charge was read, the defendant showed that she clearly understood the accusation against her.The defendant pleaded guilty to the charge explaining to the magistrate that the assault was due to excess beverage that made her to be easily provoked by the plaintif f. In delivering the sentence, the magistrate read out the charges clearly to the defendant and quoted extensively on the provision section 47, of the offences against the person act of 1861. the magistrate concluded his sentencing by requiring that the she pays a fine of three thousand pounds and also ordered that the defendant restrains from excessive indulgence in alcohol consumption.The defendant in the second case was young man and the witness was a shop attendant who worked in the shopping mall from where the defendant was accused of having committed the crime. The stolen shoes and tapes recordings from a closed circuit television (CCTV) camera inside the shop were produced and used as exhibits in the case. The prosecutor was able to prove that the defendant had committed the offence because of his alibi. Similarly, the defendant pleaded guilty and asked for forgiveness vowing never to commit the offence again.In settling this matter, the magistrate cited the nature of the off ence and considering that the young man was a first offender, the magistrate ruled that the young man be freed upon paying reparations equivalent to the price of the stolen boots. The case involving affray involved a young man who was accused of toilsome a neighbor with violence in a dispute arising from a bet that was not honored relating to the outcomes of a premier league encounter between two teams playing in the champions league.In delivering the sentence, the magistrate ordered that the young man be remanded and the case be heard on a later date since the defendant was not apologetic to the plaintiff and was openly violent even at the hearing of the case. I was particularly impressed with the way the prosecution was able to verification that the young man had stolen the boots from the shopping mall and in the case involving affray. My surprise comes from the conduct of the first two defendants who pleaded guilty to the charges, consequently, leaving the prosecution with no problem to proof that the defendants had actually committed the offences.The Role and Proceedings in a crown court. The national audit office, 2007, p. 4 reports that crown courts handle the most serious cases for example murder and rape. The administration of these courts is a responsibility of the HM court services and the courts often handle appeal proceedings that are brought against convictions or sentences that were initially dealt with at the magistrates court. When a case is heard in the crown court, the judge has the authority alter or even reverse earlier decisions made regarding the case.During the trial, the judge and a jury that consists of around twelve people hear the case. Members of the jury who hear the case are required to come up with their own verdict regarding the matter in the proceedings. The defendant will be present together with defense and prosecution lawyers, together with members of the public who follow the court proceedings from the public gallery. At clock times, members of the press whitethorn be present in the court to follow on the proceedings.The length of time a case may last in the crown will mostly depend on the nature of the case and the complexity involved in the gathering and presenting the evidences. So, the trials could last t for a day or proceeds for several weeks and even months. Cownie, Bradney and Burton, p. 317, explain that cases in a crown court are heard before a judge and jury they however note that a small number of all the cases that appear in crown are acquitted or convicted through jury trials. An observation by Cownie, Bradney and Burton (p.317) is that most of the defendants in the crown court end up pleading guilty and the judge plays a critical economic consumption in the acquittal of those defendants who enter a not guilty plea. According to Gray, 2004, p. 16, offenses tried in a crown court female genital organ be categorised into four classes namely, Class 1(murder, treason and other related crimes ), class 2(Manslaughter and murder, rape cases), class 3(indictable and various either-way offenses) and finally class 4(robbery, assault and offenses causing serious bodily harm).During my visit to the crown court, I heard a case that involved a middle aged man, thirty five years of age who was charged with an indictable-only offense. The man was charged with grievous bodily harm which is contradiction to the provisions of section 18, Offence Against the person act 1861. Alonsdide this, the man was also facing an scholarship of affray which is a contradiction to section 3 public order act of 1986. These two incidents were tied to a fight that took place in the urban center centre between supporters of opposing teams.The defendant was represented by a lawyer and this is one of the cases in which the prosecution was put to task to proof that the defendant had committed the offence. The case also involved the jury which ruled that owing to the extensive damages to property a nd the disruptions of activities at the city centre occasioned by the brawl, the defendant had a case to answer despite not pleading guilty. This case had received great coverage from the press and public interest in the case was also high.The case was not concluded as I had anticipated and the case was deferred to later date owing to the need for the prosecution to finalize investigations on other co-defendants who were still in police custody. Comparative analysis Looking at proceedings that are handled in the two courts, both courts carry out trials that fall in either one of the following offenses summary offenses which are often petty offenses mainly tried in the magistrates courts. In the magistrates court, an important distinguishing note between the magistrates court and the Crown is that the proceedings do not involve a judge or a jury (Cullingworth, 2001 .p. 205). The magistrates, unlike the judge who sits in the Crown court, the maximum sentence that the magistrate can gi ve to a defendant who is proven as guilty is six months, this is different from the sentences in the Crown court where the judge together with the jury can give a sentence that is more than six months. On the same note, the maximum amount of money that can be paid as fines in a magistrate courts differs from that which the judge can quote at the conclusion of a proceeding in a Crown court.This maximum amount is three thousand pounds. In regard to the second course of offenses, which are triable either-way offenses, proceedings can be held in any of the two courts. Most often, a case is referred to the Crown court by the magistrates court if the defendant has been charged with the same offence more than twice or when at that place are multiple charges in which the magistrate feels there is need to refer the case to the crown court (Hannibal & Mountford, 2007, p. 39).Such cases include serious offenses like assault and rape. Pertaining to the last category of offenses, which are ind ictable offenses, proceedings can only be conducted in the crown court. The nature of offenses is regarded as serious and the trials may take considerable time because the cases involved are complex. Such complex cases include trials for armed robbery, major fraud cases, rape, and grievous bodily harm . These offenses have harsh sentences that may include the defendant being sentenced to life in prison.Both courts have a shared responsibility of administering justice, though this is done at different administrative levels with majority of the criminal cases being tired in the magistrates court with some being referred to the crown court for further consideration. Conclusion The magistrate and crown courts were created to serve the need of administering justice as part of the English court systems. Many of the criminal cases are heard in magistrates courts which do not have a judge or jury during the proceedings.The nature of sentences that a magistrate can order are generally not se vere because the maximums sentence period is six months and the fine is set at a maximum of three thousand pounds. On the other hand the proceedings in Crown court often involve a jury, a judge, defense lawyers and the director of prosecution. Since the Crown court handles cases that are complex in nature, the English court system has made the process of justice administration easier as magistrates courts can be effectively used to divert sizeable number of cases that could end up being pushed in Crown courts.Keeping in mind the crucial role played other courts like the county and youth courts and the presence of a state agency solely responsible for administration of the courts, which is her majestys courts service, (HMCS), the English justice administration systems are quite efficient. Reference list Cownie, F, Bradney, A & Burton, M, 2007, English legal system in context, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Cullingworth, N, 2001, Edexcel BTEC first public services textbook, Nelson T hornes,Cheltenham. Gibson, B &Watkins, M, 2009, The Magistrates Court an Introduction, 5th Ed, Waterside Press, Sherfield.Gray, D, 2004, BTEC National in Public Services, Heinemann. Hannibal,M& Mountford,L,2007,LPC Handbook on Criminal Litigation 2007-2008, Oxford University Press, Oxford Hunter, J& Roberts, C. A, 1997, Studies in crime an introduction to forensic archaeology, Routledge, London. National analyze Office, 2009, Administration of the Crown Court, The Stationery Office, London. Tyrer, J& Lawton, D, 2000, Criminal Litigation & Procedure, Routledge, London Welsh, T, Greenwood, W& Banks, D, 2007, McNaes essential law for journalists, Ed19, Oxford University Press, Oxford. .

I and Thou Essay

Present essay engages in critical examination of basic concepts, observations and ideas, created by famous Jewish writer and philosopher Martin Buber in his guard I and Thou. Bubers book is often mentioned as one of the major influences in Western philosophical literature of the 20th century. Specifically, the philosophy of dialogue, promoted by Buber resonated with and influenced similar section of such philosophers and critiques, as Levinas, Bakthtine, existentialist philosopher (Sartre) and others.Based on the analysis of Bubers ideas and their general philosophical mise en scene of the time, fork over essay defends the thesis that Bubers philosophy should be regarded as a utopian project, characterized by the idealist vision of benevolent family and character and inability to find solution to real social contradictions. I and Thou In his analysis of I in contemporary knowledge base Buber focuses on uncorrupted tradition of the philosophy of consciousness, derived from De scartes and Kant. In this tradition I is understood as subtile subject of autonomous reason and ethical actions.The novelty of Bubers contribution is that he tries to dialectically link individual I with Other (Thou). Unlike earlier attempts of Hegel and Husserl, Bubers attempt is characterized by deep influences of Judaism religious tradition. Basically, Buber conceptualizes the binary opponent of I and Thou as the source of any human births in the real world. In contrast to I relationship with It (an object), I Thou brace is characterized with intersection and exchange between different consciousness, both individual (human) and objective ( paragon).God is referred to by Buber as Eternal Thou, one that constructs the firmest tie with I. It It relationship is regarded by Buber as the relationship which may be measured by the quantity of the objects we have in our daily life (Buber, 34). This relationship is not adumbrate and conscious. In contrast, I-Thou is a living relation ship between people lasting as long as another person is present in physical proximity and consciousness. The presence of an individual near another individual automatically results in the exposition of I-Thou relationship tied(p) if it not perceived consciously.Spiritual relationship between different subjects (I and Thou) is the basic uprightness of human existence in general. Buber tries to interpret this law using hermeneutic method. He argues that even in language, saying Thou implies addressing your words and feelings to a given person and hence, Thou faecal matter not be detached from consciousness it constitutes its distinct part. Using example of a tree, Buber shows that notwithstanding our perspective, a tree would always be an Object for us, because it lacks consciousness I can subdue its actual presence and form so sternly that I recognize it only as an expression of law. (Buber, 51).Buber argues that I-Thou relationship can not be properly explained it is best exp licated by the concept of Love, reflected in God. God become Thou when he is directly spoken too. According to Buber, God is present in every aspect of human consciousness including arts, culture and music. Therefore, I-Thou relationship finds its outmost realization in the link between God and an Individual. Critique of Bubers ideas even so positive role of Bubers ideas in the formation of 20-th century existentialism and humanist philosophy of Dialogue, one should rate to crucial drawbacks and deficiencies of Bubers ideas and approach.As it was celebrated in the introduction, it seems to us that Buber falls into the trap of idealism and utopianism in the explanation of real human relations. Moreover, his use of religious doctrine of Judaism in addressing real world relationships may also seem to modern researchers problematic. First of all, human relationships in Bubers book are conceptualized through the prism of individual consciousness, an approach that was radical in 18 an d 19-th centuries, but significantly fell behind modern informations in social psychology, social and political sciences.Buber treats human relations at the aim of individual consciousness, however, it contradicts empirical facts, which argue that individual behavior is mediated and influenced by cultural codes, traditions, institutions, such as family, law, working organization, education etc. To say that human relationships may be reduced to abstract notions of I and Thou means avoiding difficult issues of social roles, positions other factors. To say it plainly, in Bubers concept I is an abstract notion it is not a real, historical human being, but rather a certain philosophical concept.Moreover, it seems problematic to argue that I is pure in its will and thoughts. Psychoanalytic approach to human subjectivity vividly demonstrated that human consciousness is influenced by sub-conscious destructive forces, often unknown by an individual. There is no denying the importance of t he fact, that Bubers interpretation of I Thou relations as the concentration of love, attachment is also idealist in essence. such interpretation fails to see national, class and gender contradiction, which divide different human beings.Religious interpretation of God as Eternal Thou also seems disputable from scientific point of view. Buber argues that God is present in every sphere of human life, including literature, music and culture. However, these are created by men and hence, no role of God in their formation is evident. Moreover, it seems problematic to argue that God as perceived in Judaic tradition is the expression of love and intimateness. As Old will suggests, God was rather a protector of eternal laws, who punished people for non-abidance, rather than was a center of universal love.Notwithstanding these evident drawbacks and contradictions, one should point to crucial contribution of Bubers book to Western philosophy. No matter how utopian and idealist, Bubers philos ophy proved to be particularly instrumental in the development of French existentialism and Russian school of literary critique. Bubers perspective on world as an inter-subjective relationship found its further development in the philosophy of Sartre, Kamu and other French philosopher. Levinas used Bubers philosophy of dialogue in the analysis oral speech and narrative language.Paralleling this development, Russian literary critique Bakthtine used Bubers ideas in his analysis of Dostoevskys protagonists through the prism of their dialogical relations at the level of consciousness. The last, but not the least, it should be mentioned, that Bubers concepts were the paramount of humanist philosophy in the 20th century. Notwithstanding their idealist and utopian nature they served as regulative ideas of behavior for several generations of intellectuals, including such far-famed as Erich Fromm and Herbert Marcuse.To sum it up, Bubers book I and Thou provides modern researcher with new co ncepts and ideas, many of which seem controversial and paradoxical. Basic deficiencies found in Bubers philosophy are linked with his utopianism and idealism and lack of attention to modern developments in social science, social psychology. The unnecessary reduction of human society to individual level makes it impossible to see a broader picture of inter-group relations and general social institutions role in human behavior. Notwithstanding these deficiencies, Bubers book provides a source of interesting and thought-provocative reading.

Movie and Book Comparison Essay

Tuesdays With Morrie is both a adjudge and a icon. They are alike and different in so many different elbow rooms. The movie is never going to have as much detail as the deem did, just now they did a ripe(p) job making the movie as close as possible to the book. The book covered a lot more aspects of the story than the movie did, and the book focused on the bigger more important parts.There were a lot of main points that the book and movie were alike. In both Morrie dies the same way with the same people around him. At the beginning of this story Mitch is so consumed in his job that he doesnt give any attention to anything else barely his column. As the story progresses Morrie starts to lighten up on the job and work towards a relationship with Morrie. By having this relationship with Morrie helps his relationship back home with his lady friend who is getting tired of Mitch not self-aggrandising her the attention she deserves. Janine and Morrie both play huge parts in Mitchs life in both the movie and the book. The movie used a lot of the same lines used in the book such as Morries aphorisms. One last thing that the book and movie had in common was that each time Mitch went to visit Morrie he could tell Morrie was getting worse and worse.Even though the movie did a bully job making the book come to life, the movie and book had a couple differences. The movie never brought up Mitchs brother like they did in the book. Another thing is in the movie they didnt talk about Mitch as child like they did in the book. In the movie they show Janine giving the proposal ring back to Mitch in the airport, but in the book they never mentioned that. Also in the book they never talked about Mitchs insularity with Janine and how he went to her studio and tried to fix it. Mitchs relationship with Janine was way more a part of the movie than the book. The book focused more on the relationship between Morrie and Mitch when the movie focused on both.Some movies that are ma de from a book are most of the time completely different, but this movie resembled the book perfectly. The movie covered the most important parts of the book, which made it a success.

College Student Should Join Clubs Essay

Students of either university or community college attend school in pursuit of an education and c areer. Most of the time spent by college students is aimed towards studying, doing homework, and any other activity that leave assist their education. What many college students are unaware of though, is by affiliating themselves with clubs and organizations, efforts to their education, social networking, and community notify all be accomplished. spousal relationshiping a club has the ability to enrich any students college experience and should be taken into consideration by all college students.Clubs give students opportunities to meet other students and individuals who share the same interests. Not only will they benefit in gaining a friend, they will nurse the opportunity to meet peers with similar majors and classes. fetching into consideration that incoming freshmen may need an extra boost clubs will be able to provide the needed attention and information with guidance from t he seniority. For example, freshmen whoremonger benefit in joining clubs by receiving guidance from other students on what classes or which professors to take. New freshmen tend to enroll into college as an undeclared major and sometimes may require assistance in the selection of classes. College organizations can play as a major work out in helping college students and should not be ignored. According to Jeff Milam, the eHow Contributor, not only will joining a club help encourage you to form relationships with your peers, it may also lead to important melodic phrase contacts in the future (Milam).All college clubs must have at least one advisor that assists and overlooks the club. By cosmos in a club, students will have the opportunity to meet and communicate with college staffs and instructors. In most scenarios, the advisor of a college club is an administrator of the campus. Thus, straight-forward information can always be received from a club advisor because of his or her credibility. By taking part in college clubs, an individual will also gain a chance at observant specialists in their career fields. Being in a club may even be life changing to college students. There will always be some bashful individuals who are simply too shy to ever socialize. By joining a club, it will provide a gateway to overcoming this personal problem. Whenever a student comes upon an interesting club, it is most notably because that individual has something in common with the club and its fragments. Students are more comfortable being around lot who share the same interests or have particular things in common. In result, this can be the start of getting students out of their comfort zone and confidential information them to socialize more often.College clubs and organizations should be a part of college students because of the opportunity to establishing a students social skills. Most importantly to some students, joining a club is an flight of steps from stress. Som etimes school can be stressful on individuals, or students may have other issues that require relief. School organizations are most certainly not always about accomplishing specific goals school clubs can be a stress relief to those who may need an escape from reality once in a while. By taking action in a club, a student will be able to touch great feats and at the same time, have some fun.According to Heidi Coghlan, former About.com guide, by participating in clubs, it can help individuals in developing independence (Coghlan). It helps students stand on their own and make their own decisions. Many school clubs are run for students and operated by students. By being a member, it increases the chance of a student being able to speak out for his or her ideas. This can contribute to a students future with leadership skills, communication, and to being a responsible individual. Affiliation with college clubs can also motivate students to do more for the campus or to argue for a cause. The opportunity of becoming a club member should not be missed because it can assist an individual in becoming well-rounded and an open-minded thinker.Many clubs take trips to visit other college campuses. This gives students a chance to explore how other schools function and how other campuses compare. Especially for the students who are planning to continue their education for a great period of time. Joining a college club is great opportunity in meeting other peers from school and establishing social networks. With the affiliation in a club or organization, campus visiting trips can be issued and beneficial to students. Most clubs do volunteer work and this is a good start to building a bond with the community. Students get to experience being in an environment where they can learn and yet have fun at the same time when they are involved with club activities.Joining a club really does make a difference in the world and by having more students join in, the more impact it will hav e in establishing better community affiliation. As all students are striving for a professional career in the world, it should be taken into consideration that community matter cannot be ignored. Thus, with college clubs, an individual can give back to the community. College clubs and organizations are all unnecessary in the pursuit of an education, but can be a factor in developing a well-rounded thinking and professional individual.Clubs provide all that may be necessary to a student. For example, a club provides a variety of peers, educators, and numerous other resources for students. Attending college can be hard on freshmen and anyone who is unaware of opportunities on and off campus. In conclusion, with the aid of school clubs, freshmen and anyone else will receive the chance to utilize any necessary information. School organizations and clubs should not be ignored and every student should instill some effort into a club because of the extraordinary investment it yields.Works CitedCoghlan, Heidi. Reasons for Your Child to Join a Club. Kids Clubs Learn About Clubs, Organizations and After School Activities for Kids. The New York Times Company, 2011. Web. 19 Sept. 2011. Milam, Jeff. Reasons College Students Should Join a Club EHow.com. EHow How to Videos, Articles & More Trusted Advice for the Curious Life EHow.com. Demand Media, Inc, 1999. Web. 19 Sept. 2011.

Teen Sex

Teen Sex Many juvenileagers are engaging in having invoke. A lot of them are doing it safe to fit in and some are doing it because of peer pressure. Yes I believe abstention programs discourage teen grammatical gender but a lot of teenagers subscribe to an abstinence education as well as a comprehensive sex education. Although some say that Abstinence and comprehensive sex education programs in schools are a bad idea, I think otherwise because some students need help learning about birth control and if theyre ready for sex.The regimen needs to fund teen sex programs that guide teenagers through which sexual direction they want to go in and things they want to learn about such(prenominal) as Comprehensive education, Abstinence education and Pregnancy. Comprehensive sex education has been proven more effective. Comprehensive sex is well needed in schools. It does not encourage teens to start having sexual intercourse. This program is what young people need an honest effective sex education.Comprehensive sex education programs help youth jibe from sexual activity, it cast downs the frequency of sexual activity, and it reduces the number of sexual partners and increases condom and contraceptive use. Without a Comprehensive sex education program in schools, teen sex increases, more teens will experience negative sexual health outcomes and pregnancy. Medically accurate, age appropriate, comprehensive sex education in schools, education that include nurture about both, abstinence and contraception, both from a values and public-health perspective. (Rep. Lee and Sen.Frank Lautenberg, 2005, P. 776) Abstinence programs can help teens delay sex. Sex education classes that focus on supporting children to remain abstinent can persuade a significant proportion to delay sexual activity. I think that abstinence education convinces teens to postpone sex which is a good thing because they are too young. Without an abstinence program, more students would be engaging in sex. Federal government only funds abstinence education, even though at least 75 percent of parents say they want teens to be taught about both abstinence and contraception. (As cited in CQ researcher, 2005, pg. 771) Pregnancy is a great deal the result of teen sex. With abstinence and comprehensive sex education programs, pregnancy rates will decrease. Teen mothers are less likely to finish mellow school and more likely to end up on welfare, and their children are at greater risk for abuse and neglect. The majority of teen mothers raise their children totally without the help of the childs father, which makes it much harder. Twenty percent of teen mothers have a second child before the age of 20. (Sarah Brown, 2005, pg. 763) Its really hard for teen mothers to go to schoolGovernments need to fund teen sex programs that guide teen through sexual activity. Teenagers are having sex to fit in and some are being forced to have sex because of peer pressure. Schools are not responsib le for teens engaging in having sex but it helps a lot for teenagers to go to school and learn about it through Abstinence, Pregnancy and Comprehensive programs. With the students being taught about things it can decrease the pregnancy rate and reduce teen sexual activity. Both teens and the government will benefit from them teens postpone sex and the government wouldnt have to fund as many teen moms on welfare.

Problem Solving and Ambition

m Many mickle have different intakes in life so the word ambitiousness would have different definitions, depending on whom you ask. To me breathing in is an urge desire to achieve your goals or get ahead. Ambition leads you to dedication, motivation and time. I have some ambitions to achieve in a set period. Time motivates me to achieve my ambitions. Ambition in other speech is the motive force needed to propel solely of us to work towards our set cherished goals. . In this essay, I will define ambition, write intimately the different effects of ambition, and at last, I will talk ab by my personal experience with ambition.Different people have different ambitions in life. The record of ambition varies from persons to person. It depends upon singles family background, upbringing, social status and economic condition. Ambition is the motive force needed to propel all of us to work towards our set cherished goals. It force that makes a person achieve things wonderful and beyon d singles natural abilities, but ambition has the power to corrupt and completely alter ones sense of reality and morality. In one of the universities in Colombia, one of the students attended a mathematics lecture.He sat in the back of the hall and slept quietly. At the end of the lecture, he wakes up on the students voices deviation the hall. Before leaving, he noniced that the prof has written two mathematical problems on the white board. Therefore, he wrote them down in his notebook and left the hall. When he came back home, he started solving those problems. They were very gruelling. Therefore, he went to the universitys library, picked up some references and started working them out again.After 4 days, he was able to solve the first problem but he was feeling very angry with his professor for giving them such a hard assignment. In the next lecture, the professor did not ask about the assignment, he was very surprised about that. Therefore, he went up to the professor and told him that the first problem took him 4 days and 4 pages to solve it. The professor was very surprised he told the student that he did not give any assignments. The two problems that the amend wrote on the white board, was an example of the mathematical problems, which the greatest scientist could not work out at all.As we proverb in this case, the student was motivated by his ambition to solve the problem as mentioned earlier that ambition is eager or strong desire to achieve something, hes ambition here was to solve the question although it took him walloping effort and time. The solution of this problem with its four pages is still exhibited there in this university. Ambition is defined as an eager or strong desire to achieve something, such as fame or power. Every valet being needs ambition to succeed in life. It is the driving force in life, which motivates us to make out and be the best. A person without ambition is like a boat without a rudder.Ambition is the backbone of this cosmos as it led umteen great men throughout history to extravagant achievements. Ambition is a good character if utilized correctly. Without ambition, life will be boring, monotonous and uninteresting. There are many different situations in which being ambitious raise be a good characteristics. Nothing can be accomplished without some sort of ambition. For example, if you are trying to reach a goal, such as going to college, you must have ambition. You must have the ability and desire to accomplish your goal. But ambition requires hard work. You must do your best and put in all your time and effort.If you dont have that ambition, you wont succeed or accomplish your goal. Ambition can also bring out the worst in people. In Julius Caesar, Cassius ambitious nature drives him to kill his lifetime friend another example is Adolf Hitler had a vision that one day the world would be without Jews. This desire gave him the ambition to kill all of the Jews, is a form of shun ambiti on. Being ambitious can be a good and bad trait. It can bring out the best and worst in people. It can show peoples true colors and their true interests. We do not choose to be born. We do not choose our parents.We do not choose our historical epoch, or the country of our birth, or the immediate circumstances of our upbringing. Nor do we choose the time or conditions of our death. But at bottom all this realm of choicelessness, we do choose how we shall live courageously or in cowardice, honorably or dishonorably, with purpose or in drift. We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide that what makes us important is either what we do or what do refuse to do. But no matter how indifferent the macrocosm may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make.We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about. bibliographies 1. Rescuing Ambition by Dave H arvey and C. J. Mahaney (Apr 14, 2010) 2. Activating Your Ambition A Guide to Coaching the Best Out of Yourself and Others by Mike Hawkins (Jul 14, 2009) 3. Ambition How We Manage Success and Failure Throughout Our Lives by Gilbert Brim (Sep 22, 2000 4. The trend of ambition by Robert Smythe Hichens (Sep 10, 2010 5. http//en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Ambition

How to Break Up with Your Boyfriend

How to cope with being dumped by your boyfriend I entreat your brakes go pop running down a hill, I pray a flower pot falls from a window sill, and knocks you in the head like Id like to.. Pray for you-Jaron and the long road to love. When you have a boyfriend whose cheating on you, you need to take certain steps to ensure that you make him as miser adequate as he made you. You willing need to show him that the break up didnt cause to be perceived you (even if it really did), delete his ph unmatched number from his cont act upons and delete him off of facebook, and flirt with other boys and have enjoymentTo show him that you didnt care about the break up call him up some day and crave him to go to lunch or a movie, when he says yes make sure you have enough fourth dimension to get yourself looking super good before your date. Show up a few transactions late so you can make an entrance and just go in and sit down, afterward a few minutes of awkward silence say Im so glad we broke up, Ive been visual perception this other guy and I think its going to work out really well, my family loves him. Dont explain every more and get up and walk away. He will be sitting there question what the heck he just threw out the window, and you being so happy about it will really snap him where it hurts. When you delete his phone number and delete him from facebook he will no longer be able to check up on you, which will drive him insane. Go out and have fun with your girls and show him that youre having the cartridge holder of your life, and hes really missing out on it.If he texts you just reply with a simple hey, who is this? and zero more, hell wonder why you deleted his number out of your phone and realize you really are done with him.. Which will really hurt his ego. Flirt alot if you ever see him out or around school act really playful with all of the guys around you, even his friends, if you have enough courage to do so.If he sits a couple seats behind you i n class make a plan with one of your friends to talk about this new mysterious guy youve been seeing and really make him wonder who it could be, and who could be so much better than he was? I pray your birthday comes and nobody calls, I pray youre flying high when your engine stalls, I pray all your dreams, never come true.. Pray for you -Jaron and the long road to love. So when you get broken up with the next time, and its really hurting you, try these troika easy steps in making it look easy, in the process

Project Shakti Essay

The project was started to explore the business opportunity of the rural market, where the competition will be little than the urban market. The first challenge faced by the Shakti was the low margin to its entrepreneurs and lack of owner ship. Its sign plan was, federations purchase products from HLL and then sell them to SHGs and then to outlets in village. In this model no wiz took responsibility. This challenge was overcome by changing the business model as follows A member of the SHG constitute as entrepreneur, who borrow money from respective SHG and buy products directly from HLL.By this model responsibility is lone(prenominal) for entrepreneur and no need to share profit as well. HLLs pilot model was with women because they are the stack consumer for the HLL products and they have access to home of potential consumers. Easy part of the project was the selection of the entrepreneurs. Problem starts at once the stock started piling up, which was almost equal to their ann ual income. To add on to this, loan repayment chronicle was also started which was threaten the feasibility of the project. These entrepreneurs did not have any previous experience in confinement independent economic activity added up failure of this task.HLL had overcome this with following initiatives 1. They had introduced RSP, to control stock. To reduce the price they hired the trainers to train entrepreneurs and outsourced the administration to third party 2. Offered incentive for visiting specific number of homes and offered extra incentive for selling specific brands 3. Negotiated with bank to get more time to start initial payment. To outperform up the project, implementation team has to undergo following tasks 1. Arrange government permissions and secure the support of the regularise administration 2.Identify and seal partnerships with NGOs well established in the region 3. Interact with mainstream HLL sales events to delineate market for PS 4. Locate SHG and convi nce them that the project shakti was a reliable, sustainable source of income for their members 5. Appoint a right women as entrepreneurs 6. Ensure a steady supply of products In many placed HLL was not able get support from government, presuming that these attempts are an explosive attempt of a large multinational. This was overcome by the appointing MART and helped them to expand to 50405 villages across 310 districts in 12 states.To scale up they have addressed the demand of the small income group by introducing low price packs Introduced Vani programme to educate personals and communities on their health and hygiene. neighboring challenge faced was to change the focus of the buyers from local retailers to Shakti entrepreneur. It has been overcome by doing the following 1. Personalized profit 2. Door step delivery 3. Assurance of quality 4. Credit to regular patrons 5. Creating a network for sale and passing a percentage of the profit to them as well

Apple Revenue Recogonition

apple revenue recognition Apple Inc tax Recognition C formerlypts A. Revenue is gross meat a company received or calculate from service provided or units change, Revenue is earned regardless money come in or non at that particular time. It is assumed revenue is earned, when it is realizable, and earned. Revenues are derived from company normal operation. The company exist to wander it is core product or services to the market. Gain rise from non operation activities of the entity. An asset sells displace be considered a gain if the company originally depreciated the assets to zero, then sell it.Even know the company used the assets to retort revenue, the assets transaction is a gain, because it is not a core argumentation transaction. The primary function of a business is not to sell the assets for a gain. Any touchstone of gain from non operation of core business is considered to be a gain. Examples are currency gain, Short term investment gain, and extraordinary gain. B. When a business recognize revenue, it means it has earned the revenue, and it is realizable in that period, which indicated a transaction, or service has occurred.The business did its obligation to score or accepts money at that period. The business has full expectation it ordain receive the revenue in the near term depending the billing agreements. The income statement is affected by revenue recognition, also the balance yellow journalism is affected, and all this individuals identify receivable, Tax payable, COGS, Cash, Unearned revenue. The revenue criteria from FASB concept 5 says revenue to be know on the income statement, revenue must be realized, or realizable and earned. CYes, they do align with FASB standards Apple acknowledge revenue when persuasive evidence of transfer ownership arrangement exists. 1. Entity has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods 2. Entity retains incomplete continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold 3. The amount of revenue can be measured reliably 4. It is probable that the economical benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity. DThe multiple element contract is referring to the embedded unspecified upgrade right that the company readiness be obligated to provide. It is difficult to put a monetary value, because the company has to calculate the cost of upgrade, and once they estimate the cost, the company must set deferred revenue by subtracting it from original sales. The new rules allowed the company to estimate as low as possible because the upgrade costs are not that significant to swing over the income statement. E Compensation metric could be aligned with revenue growth. FITunes songs sold online on net basis, and recognized when transaction occurred Mac-branded accessories are recognized when billed, if it sold online apple waits until customers receive the it ems, because apple is liable until delivery. IPod sold to ternion party reseller in India is recognized when apple billed the third party. G Apple recognized the amount it billed its customers, apple takes inventory risks, therefore it recognized the gross amount it billed, if it sold online from some other company, apple only recognized net sales. H 50 Mac * 2800 = 140,000Unit price 2,500 Software + 2 years service =300 Apple will recognize the whole gross sale 140,000 as revenue for 2010. Because apple took the inventory risk, Apple will bill the community college the 140,000, and recognized the same amount as the revenue. I Account receivable Dr. Cr. Sep 26,2009 $3361 $2149 Sep, 25,2010 $5510 Deferred Revenue Dr. Cr Sep,25,2009 $2906 $1217 Sep,26,2010 $4123 Net sale Dr. Cr. Sep, 26, 2009 $42,905 $22,320 Sep, 26,2010 $65,225 I ledger origination Unearned revenue2053 Sale Revenue2053 Deferred Revenue Dr. Cr Sep,25,2010 $2053 Sep,26,2009 $2053 Sep,26,20 10 0 Sale Revenue Dr. Cr Sep,25,2010 $2053 Sep,26,2010 $2053 II Journal entry Cash21,225 Account receivable 44,000 Sale Revenue65,225 Unearned Revenue Dr. Cr Sep,25,2010 $2903 Sep,26,2009 $2903 Sep,26,2010 $0 Sale Revenue Dr. Cr Sep,25,2010 $2903 $62,322 Sep,26,2010 $65,225 III Journal Entry Cash44,000 Account Receivable44,000 Analysis JI under the old flummox revenue was deferred and recognized each year on straight line basis over its economic life of the product, but under the new model Apple is able to take significant bundle of the sale at the time of transaction. IIProspective can only apply to future while retrospective can apply to the past transactions. Apple elected to use retrospective. K Iincreased its net income IIBalance sheet and Cash descend statement (operation). IIImproved gross margin LMost of the cost good already occurred before apple was able to recognized revenue. Therefore, Apple must adjust individual account to match its expe nse, and revenue.MIncreased operation cash flow NAccounting rules, and procedures capacity be preventing unfair reporting, but it has a major flaws. One of the flows is accounting doesnt adapt speedily to economic condition. Accounting numbers doesnt really reflect the true value of a company. Account is lagging indicator. One industry can benefits from particular accounting procedure, and rules, but it can also cause to be perceived another industry by not reflecting true economic value. We will like to report to our shareholders positive reflection of our operation, but accounting procedures doesnt allow us to communicate the actual result.

Escape from the Western Diet Essay

In Michael Pollans essay Escape from the Western Diet, he informs Americans somewhat the Hesperian pabulum and believes they need to escape from it. The reason Americans should escape the horse opera diet is to avoid the damaging effects associated with it such as westbound diseases (Pollan, 434). To support his view on the issue, Pollan describes factors of the western diet that regulate what Americans believe they should swallow. These factors include scientists with their theories of nutritionism, the food industry supporting the theories by make products, and the health industry making medication to support those same theories. Overall, Pollan feels that in order to escape this diet, people need to get the topic of it out of their heads. In turn he provides his own rules for escaping the western diet as well as the idea of nutritionism set forth by scientists.Pollan explains that scientific theories of nutritionism focus on individual nutrients rather than foods as a wh ole (Pollan, 434). He further goes on to refute this claim mentioning that these scientific theories contradict with single another. Pollan explains the scientists who blame our health problems on deficiencies of micronutrients are not the same scientists who see a sugar pissed off diet leading to metabolic syndrome and from on that bit to diabetes, heart disease(Pollan, 435). On one hand at that place are scientists who blame health problems on a lack of nutrients, and on the other hand there are scientists who blame those health problems on a sugar soaked diet. By stating these theories, Pollan tries to get his point across that they all have the same thing in common these theories are mere explanations to western diseases. In Pollans view, scientists can argue all they want about the mechanisms behind this phenomenon, but whichever it is, the resoluteness would appear to remain very much the same Stop eating a Western diet (Pollan, 435). In other words, no matter what reaso n scientists have for the causes of western diseases, the common factor among them is the western diet, and that should be the basis for solution.In addition to bringing to light these contradicting scientific theories, Pollan goes further to include how these theories clear the food industry as well as the health industry. Pollan observes for the medical community too scientific theories about diet nourish business new theories beget newdrugs and new diets organized about each new theorys elevation of one class of nutrient and demotion of another (Pollan, 436). Basically, Pollan is ratting that the health industry wants to profit off the theories declared by making drugs in regards to the nutrients cut land on. Similarly, Pollan notes the food industry comes out with a new line of products to match with the new theories made for the western diet. He reminds the subscriber to escape the western diet even though it will be severely because these industries only seek to profit ra ther than change the way people eat for the break in (Pollan, 436).To deal what distinguishes the food of a western diet, Pollan compares whole foods and processed foods. He quotes Gyorgy Scrinis and concludes to himself instead of worrying about nutrients, we should evidently avoid any food that has been processed to such an extent that it is more the product of industry than temper (Pollan, 438). Pollan agrees with Scrinis for avoiding processed foods, but he complicates it by mentioning that all whole foods are taken over by industrial processes. Again Pollan reminds the reader that escaping the western diet will not be simple, yet he convinced it is possible and he offers his developed solutions for it (Pollan, 438). Pollan encourages Americans eat food. Not too much. Mostly plants (Pollan, 440). His three rules evince eating food that is in fact real food, eating in a manner that presents a positive culture, and eating plants which Pollan considers the best types of food a person can eat.As Pollan argues against the scientific theories of nutritionism, he exposes what he considers their contradictions as well as the cycle of new theories creating new products creating new medicine. He informs the reader that these theories exist for these companies to make a profit rather than change the way people eat for the better (Pollan, 436). So again, Pollan reminds the reader to escape the western diet because it is the cause of western diseases. He offers his solutions on how to eat a better, more traditional diet.

Doctor-assited suicide should be legalized for the terminally ill Research Paper - 1

Doctor-assited suicide should be legalized for the terminally ill - inquiry Paper ExampleAcross the globe doctors, legal authorities, religious leaders, relatives of patients in critical conditions and patients battling for life themselves are concerned about the issue about of doctor-assisted suicide. Whether or not doctor-assisted suicide can ever be justified as a compassionate response towards the voluntary elimination of a persons life is a major source of concern in todays world. Generally, euthanasia has been termed as a process of assisted suicide upon someone who is under severe medical conditions and the probability of extract is almost zero. This is a reason why euthanasia has also been tagged as a habitus of mercy killing for the benefit of the patients themselves. Many individuals believe that life is a very sacred and endow thing and by taking it away it can be tagged as murder, other people, all the same have different views. They believe that a persons life is h is own and he/she has the proper to do whatever he/she wants with their life, even if it calls for termination (1).The name Terri Schiavo should ring a bell in every persons mind. It has been the most renowned cases in the history of America regarding doctor-assisted suicide. Teri, at the get on with of 26 was diagnosed with a neurological condition called PVS also known as the persistent vegetative res publica according to which she was practically brain dead. Teris parents fought against her husband and were adamant to let her live on the provide tube even though she was in a vegetative state. The husband, however, stated that Teri would not want to give out in this condition and that pulling the plug is the best solution to all the pain and suffering she is world put through (2). More than a decade, the patient was fed through feeding tube and was on bed.After a furious battle in the court since 1998, Pasco-Pinellas Circuit Judge in Florida order the feeding tube to be rem oved on the 18th of March 2005

Marketing Mix Stimuli Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Marketing Mix Stimuli - Essay ExampleThe researcher states that product portfolio of Ariel brand outhouse be explained in the following manner. Ariel Excel Gel The product is knowing for low-temperature cleaning. A unique design of the bottle and innovative gel formulae of the product give a exploiter the opportunity to wash clothes with high precision. The gel gets dissolve very easily in water hence solvency rate increases. The detergent is able to remove various types of stains much(prenominal) as tomato sauce, dirt, java etc from cloths. Ariel Powder Ariel Powder is designed to give brilliant cleaning in every wash. The detergent cigarette wash colored garments without causing harm to fabrics of a garment. The detergent should be dosed directly on the cloth by taking water as the surfactant. Ariel Excel Liquitabs Ariel Excel Liquitabs is able to remove stains such as oil, tar, grease etc. The product should be dosed in the lower drawer of wash Machine. Ariel Tablets Ar iel Tablets provides the convenience of using to users. The product has been developed in ordering to get a brilliant wash from the scummyest possible dose. The study will be incomplete if it misses the opportunity to explain the role of consumer behavior in purchasing a detergent product. A psychoanalytical theory proposed by Sigmund Freud states that human personality depends on different variables such as id (biological need driven gratification), ego (conflict between the hedonistic requirement of id and honourable constraint of superego) and superego (behavior backed by social responsibility). some consumers presentation boycotts of non-eco-friendly products in order to show their environmental concern. These customers prefer ethical consumption in order to maintain environmental sustainability. Foxall et al. have divided demand into six components such as social needs, physiological needs, cognitive needs, symbolic needs, experiential needs and voluptuary needs in order to explain customer demand. Customers purchase Ariel detergent in order to recompense their daily household needs hence purchase behavior is more driven by id flavour in contrast to other elements of psychoanalytic theory. Detergent purchase behavior of a customer can be briefed in the following manner. People purchase detergent as daily household occurrence hence they do not spend much time on the pre-purchase decision. Self-consciousness plays the very small role in purchasing decision. Brand conscious customers purchase Ariel due to the brand name of Procter & Gamble. Many customers purchase Ariel with an intention to satisfy self-esteem. Psychographics VALS or Value and Lifestyle framework has divided consumers into four segments such as Actulizers (Customers spending large sum of money on purchasing in order to show taste and attitude), Fulfilled (Customers purchasing product after doing rigorous background research), Believers (purchasing product in order to satisfy tradit ional family value) and Strivers (Customers purchasing low priced but stylish products). A study shows that believers play the authoritative role in purchasing detergent. Believers prefer well-known brands hence they choose Ariel over unknown local anesthetic brands. Involvement Detergent is a low involvement product because customers do not require long financial resources to purchase it.

Information systems security management Research Paper

Information systems security management - Research Paper ExampleIn 1915, there were 250 automobile manufactures in the United State that were utilizing information technology on large bases. By the 1994, this figure had increase up till 500 automobiles. In the field of telecommunication, around 2000 radio station across the United States were found (Laudon, 2011). In 1925, these radio stations were broadcasting to local neighborhoods and run by non-professionals. By the year 1990, only 500 independent stations were functioning. Therefore, it is clear that the e-commerce will follow the said(prenominal) pattern along with some noticeable difference that is discussed further (Laudon, 2011). The development in the field of e-commerce has been increased significantly, but it is also not obvious that this field will tend to grow on this gait forever. Moreover, its growth will be limited in future as it is confronting its own fundamental limitations. For example, the B2C e-commerce is s tock-still a sm on the whole part around 3% of the net retail market. In fact, in 2008, all the B2C e-commerce will approximately equal to the annual revenue under recent projections. This research includes Wal-Mart, which is the worlds largest and most effective retailer. On the contrary, with the only 3% of the entire retail sales, it is now introducing online methods (Laudon, 2011). Early historic period of E-Commerce E-Commerce Today Technology-driven Business-driven Revenue growth emphasis Earnings and profits emphasis Venture capital support Traditional financing Ungoverned Stronger regulation and governance Entrepreneurial Large traditional firms Disintermediation Strengthening intermediaries completed markets Imperfect markets, brands, and ne twork effects Pure online strategies Integrated, multi-channel bricks-and-clicks strategies First mover advantages Strategic follower strength panegyric assets Figure 1.1 1.1 Emphasizing Privacy One more submit shows that online co mpanies emphasize and focus more on online privacy policy rather than any other aspect. Even online security is considered as the second option. Moreover, the study also concluded that online customers argon more worried about their privacy rather than online threats as they are considered to be in control. In addition, the study also demonstrated a comparison between the two decades, i.e. 1999-2001 and 2005-2007, which highlighted the factors that are mentioned previously (Parayitam, Desai, & Desai, 2008). 1.2 Focusing on Customer Demands However, study concluded one interesting factor, i.e. the rankings and ratings of policies created for the net income continues to focus on demands of the web users. Moreover, consumer privacy continues to be on top in both the decades (Parayitam, Desai, & Desai, 2008). The amplified ken by the contributors, i.e. legislators and advocates, shows that the interest level is comparatively high. 2 Technology Infrastructure E-commerce is also describ ed as the development and growth of digital computing, and communications technology is at the core of modern technology of spherical digital economy. In order to understand the future of the digital e-commerce, we need to understand the technological rudiments on which it is dependent. The e-commerce is, basically, a technological motivated phenomenon that depends on a cloud of information technologies. Moreover, the fundamental ideas from electronic computer science have developed this over for a